XiphWiki - User contributions [en]

OggYUV

2006-03-12T19:05:00Z

Punchcard:

{{draft}}
== What is it ==

'''OggYUV''' is an uncompressed YUV (YCbCr) video codec for Ogg. It's a simple way to store and transfer uncompressed video within an Ogg container.

== Why is it ==

The purpose of '''OggYUV''' is as a raw video interchange format within [[OggStream]] and other media frameworks. The format design is to be simple, complete, and efficient enough to be reasonably used to export decoded video to a media player for display.

It can also replace our dependence on yuv4mpeg2 for lossless video storage, which Ogg [[Theora]] originally used as an encoding source. The main advantage over yuv4mpeg2 files is that, within an Ogg container, it can be time-synced with [[OggPCM_Draft1]] in a much more reliable way than yuv4mpeg2 + wav audio.

== Format ==

Packets are processed as per the value of their first byte. Packets of unknown ID should be silently ignored, providing a convient way to add future expandability which does not break the data format. Additional data in packet 0 (the header packet) must also be silently ignored.

=== Arc's Draft ===
Packet 0, BOS, 24 bytes
8 0x00 Header Packet ID
24 "YUV" Codec identifier
--
8 0x01 Version Major (breaks backwards compatability to increment)
8 0x00 Version Minor (backwards compatable, ie, via extended header)
1 [flg] Color (false = B/W, next 8 bits and must be null)
3 [int] Chroma Pixel "Shape" (see [[Talk:OggYUV#Chroma_Subsampling_Methods|Draft Table]])
1 [flg] 50% physical horizontal offset for Cr samples
1 [flg] 50% physical verticle offset for Cr samples
2 [int] Chroma blending: 0=None, 1=UpperLeft Sampled/Blend Others, 2=Blend All
1 [flg] Packed (false = Planar, next 2 bits must be null)
1 [flg] Cr Staggered Horizontally in Bytestream
1 [flg] Cr Staggered Vertically in Bytestream
1 [flg] Big Endian/LSB (false = Little Endian/MSB)
1 [flg] Interlaced (false = Progressive)
3 ????? Interlace Options, other bytestream options
--
8 [int] Alpha channel bpp
8 [int] Luma channel bpp
8 [int] Chroma channels bpp
8 [int] Colorspace (same as in [[theora]])
--
24 [int] Frame Width
24 [int] Frame Height
24 [int] Aspect Numerator
24 [int] Aspect Denominator
--
32 [int] Framerate Numerator
32 [int] Framerate Denominator

Data Packet
8 0xFF Data Packet ID
24 "YUV" Codec identifier, pads data to 32-bits
.. [data] variable length packed [a]rgb frame

=== John's Draft ===
This stream format is field based, rather than frame based. It supports only two fields per frame, and one field per data packet. Fields are stored in temporal order, so granulepos maintains its temporal significance.

Packet 0, BOS, 72 bytes
8 0x00 Header Packet ID
24 "UVS" Codec identifier (uncompressed video stream)
8 0x01 Version Major (breaks backwards compatability to increment)
8 0x00 Version Minor (backwards compatable, ie, via extended header)
---- Video description ----
8 [bits] Reserved 1
8 [enum] Colorspace
16 [uint] Display Width
16 [uint] Display Height
16 [uint] Frame Aspect Ratio Numerator
16 [uint] Frame Aspect Ratio Denomonator
16 [uint] Field Rate Numerator
16 [uint] Field Rate Denomonator
32 [uint] FourCC (optional, set to zero if N/A or unknown)
---- Sampling description ----
16 [uint] Stored Width
16 [uint] Stored Height
14 [uint] Reserved 2
1 [uint] Endianness Flag
1 [uint] Interlaced Flag
2 [uint] U Channel Horiz. (X) Samples/Macropixel, 0 = 4.
2 [uint] U Channel Vert. (Y) Samples/Macropixel, 0 = 4.
2 [uint] V Channel Horiz. (X) Samples/Macropixel, 0 = 4.
2 [uint] V Channel Vert. (Y) Samples/Macropixel, 0 = 4.
1 [uint] Top Field U Channel Horiz. Sample Offset Flag
1 [uint] Bot Field U Channel Horiz. Sample Offset Flag
1 [uint] Top Field U Channel Vert. Sample Offset Flag
1 [uint] Bot Field U Channel Vert. Sample Offset Flag
1 [uint] Top Field V Channel Horiz. Sample Offset Flag
1 [uint] Bot Field V Channel Horiz. Sample Offset Flag
1 [uint] Top Field V Channel Vert. Sample Offset Flag
1 [uint] Bot Field V Channel Vert. Sample Offset Flag
---- Storage description ----
8 [uint] A Channel Bits Per Sample
8 [uint] Y/R Channel Bits Per Sample
8 [uint] U/G Channel Bits Per Sample
8 [uint] V/B Channel Bits Per Sample
32 [uint] A Channel Data Offset (in bits)
32 [uint] Y/R Channel Data Offset (in bits)
32 [uint] U/G Channel Data Offset (in bits)
32 [uint] V/B Channel Data Offset (in bits)
32 [ int] A Channel Y Stride (in bits)
32 [ int] Y/R Channel Y Stride (in bits)
32 [ int] U/G Channel Y Stride (in bits)
32 [ int] V/B Channel Y Stride (in bits)
8 [ int] A Channel X Stride (in bits)
8 [ int] Y/R Channel X Stride (in bits)
8 [ int] U/G Channel X Stride (in bits)
8 [ int] V/B Channel X Stride (in bits)

'''Data Packets'''
8 0xFF Top Field Packet ID
24 "UVS" Codec identifier, pads data to 32-bits
.. [data] variable length packed field

8 0xFB Bottom Field Packet ID
24 "UVS" Codec identifier, pads data to 32-bits
.. [data] variable length packed field

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OggUVS

2006-03-12T19:00:20Z

Punchcard:

{{draft}}
== What is it ==

'''OggUVS''' is an uncompressed video codec for Ogg. It's a simple way to store and transfer uncompressed video within an Ogg container. It is similar to [[OggYUV]] and [[OggRGB]], but is intended to support both formats.

'''This is a work in progress and not a final proposal.'''

== Why is it ==

This format is intended to be used as an interchange format. It is also useful for storing time-synced decoded audio/video, as opposed to using RIFF/WAV (.wav) and YUV4MPEG (.yuv) in separate files. It is intended to be less complex to use than RIFF/AVI.

== Stream Description ==

A stream is composed of a main header packet, one comment packets, zero or more additional header packets, and one or more data packets. At this time, one additional header packet is specified to describe the data packet layout. This packet SHOULD be present in all streams. Data packets are of fixed length as specified in the main header. A special zero length data packet with the EOS flag set is permitted. Data packets must contain exactly one image. This stream format is field based, rather than frame based. It supports only two fields per frame, and one field per data packet. Packets (fields) must appear in temporal order.

== Packet Layout ==

Note that unless otherwise noted, all multi-byte fields use the network byte order (big endian). The first packed in a stream MUST be the main header packet. The second packet MUST be the comment packet. Some extra header packets MAY be included after the comment header, provided this is identified in the main header. The packets that follow MUST all be data packets.

=== Main Header Packet ===
The main header packet MUST be the first packet in the stream.

32 "UVS " Codec Identifier Word 0
32 " " Codec Identifier Word 1
16 [uint] Version Major (breaks backwards compatability to increment)
16 [uint] Version Minor (backwards compatable, ie, more supported format id's)
16 [uint] Display Width
16 [uint] Display Height
16 [uint] Pixel Aspect Ratio Numerator
16 [uint] Pixel Aspect Ratio Denominator
16 [uint] Field Rate Numerator
16 [uint] Field Rate Denominator
32 [uint] Timebase (hz)
32 [uint] Field Image Size (in bytes)
32 [uint] Number of extra headers
32 [enum] Colorspace
31 [uint] Reserved
1 [flg] Interlaced
32 [enum] Layout ID

'''Discussion:'''
* The number of extra headers field counts the number of headers following the comment packet and preceding the data.

* Field Rate and Timebase: The Timebase field is used to change the time base of the granule position. The special value 0 indicates the the value (1/Field Rate). If the Field Rate values are set to zero, the content uses a variable field rate. In all cases the absolute field time is determined by (granulepos/Timebase). At least one of these two values must be declared. Examples of valid descriptions of 29.98fps video:
** Field Rate = 2998/100, Timebase = 90000, granulepos of first frame = 3002
** Field Rate = 0/0, Timebase = 90000, granulepos of first frame = 3002
** Field Rate = 2998/100, Timebase = 0, granulepos of first frame = 1

==== Layout ID ====
* The Layout ID field is used to describe the layout of the image buffer in memory. This provides an easy means of selecting amongst common storage methods. If this field is set to zero, a Data Layout Packet MUST be included in the stream, and the contents of that packet should be parsed to determine the image buffer layout. The valid values for this field are:
Value Short Name Description
0x32315659 OGGUVS_FMT_YV12 8-bpp Y plane, followed by 8-bpp 2×2 V and U planes.
0x56555949 OGGUVS_FMT_IYUV 8-bpp Y plane, followed by 8-bpp 2×2 U and V planes.
0x32595559 OGGUVS_FMT_YUY2 UV downsampled 2:1 horizontally, ordered Y0 U0 Y1 V0
0x59565955 OGGUVS_FMT_UYVY UV downsampled 2:1 horizontally, ordered U0 Y0 V0 Y1
0x55595659 OGGUVS_FMT_YVYU UV downsampled 2:1 horizontally, ordered Y0 V0 Y1 U0
0x80808081 OGGUVS_FMT_RGB24DIB 8 bits per component, stored BGR, rows aligned to a
32 bit boundary, rows stored bottom first.
0x80808082 OGGUVS_FMT_RGB32DIB 8 bits per component, stored BGRx (x is don't care)
rows stored bottom first.
0x80808083 OGGUVS_FMT_ARGBDIB 8 bits per component, stored BGRA, rows stored bottom
first.

By convention, layouts with a registered fourcc should use that fourcc for this value. Other formats should set the MSB of each byte and use a OggUVS specific value. Layout ID's with 0xFF as the most significant byte will be considered to be application specific.

==== Colorspace ====

* The Colorspace field is used to identify all colorspaces supported by this format and is defined as follows:
Value Short Name Description
0x00000001 OGGUVS_CSP_UNSPEC_RGB Unspecified R'G'B'
0x00000002 OGGUVS_CSP_UNSPEC_YCBCR Unspecified Y'CbCr
other useful colorspaces could go here.

The unspecified colorspaces are intended to be used only when the actual colorspace used is not known. This situation arises when getting decompressed frames from proprietary codecs, for instance. Applications should make every effort to properly identify the colorspace and use the proper value in this field.

=== Comment Packet ===
The comment packet MUST be present and MUST be the second packet in the stream.

Undefined at this time, probably will be whatever Theora uses.

=== Data Layout Packet ===
The data layout packet MUST be included if the 'Layout ID' field in the main header packet is set to zero. The data layout packet SHOULD be included in all streams. If a 'Layout ID' field is specified, the data layout packet MUST NOT be modified from it's standard definition. Application that have a native understanding of the storage format as specified by the 'Layout ID' MAY parse the data layout packet, but are not required to.

32 0x1 Data Layout Header Packet ID
16 [uint] Version Major (breaks backwards compatability to increment)
16 [uint] Version Minor (backwards compatable, ie, more supported format id's)
16 [uint] Luma Height
16 [uint] Luma Width
16 [uint] Chroma Height
16 [uint] Chroma Width
-- Repeat all fields below this point for interlaced storage.
32 [uint] Alpha channel offset
32 [uint] Y/R channel offset
32 [uint] U/G channel offset
32 [uint] V/B channel offset
32 [sint] Alpha Y Stride
32 [sint] Y/R Y Stride
32 [sint] U/G Y Stride
32 [sint] V/B Y Stride
32 [sint] Y/R X Stride
32 [sint] U/G X Stride
32 [sint] V/B X Stride

'''Discussion:'''
* This layout packet is for 8 bit per channel formats only.
* The width and height fields reflect the storage size, not the displayed size, of the field.
* The offset fields specify the offset, in bytes, from the start of the data packet to the top leftmost sample for the specified channel.
* The Y stride field indicates the number of bytes to add to the current position to get the corresponding sample one row down. For the alpha channel, this value should be set to zero if the channel is not present.
* The X stride field indicates the number of bytes to add to the current position to get the corresponding sample one pixel to the right. For the alpha channel, this value should be set to zero if the channel is not present.

'''Implementation Notes:'''
Great care must be exercised when using the layout packet directly. The following are a few checks that should be made to validate the data:
For all channels:
Width <= abs(Y_Stride)

For alpha and luma channels:
offset + y_stride*luma_h >= 0
offset + y_stride*luma_h <= image size (from main header)

For chroma channels:
offset + y_stride*chroma_h >= 0
offset + y_stride*chroma_h <= image size (from main header)

More to be added later.

=== Data Packets ===
32 'FLD0' Field 0 (Top) header
.. [data] Data for whole field

32 'FLD1' Field 1 (Bottom) header
.. [data] Data for whole field

'''Discussion:'''
The length of the data packet must be exactly equal to the image size specified in the main header plus four bytes for the field header.

== Encapsulation in Ogg ==

The time base of the granule position is defined in the main header packet, and may vary from stream to stream.

== Predefined Layout Packets ==

The following packets are defined as the standard layout packets for the various defined formats. For those formats that declare a fourcc, it is illegal to modify the values of the layout packet. The following abbreviations are used in the formulae below:

* disp_h: Display Height, from main header packet
* disp_w: Display Width, from main header packet
* l_h: Luma height, from data layout packet
* l_w: Luma width, from data layout packet
* c_h: Chroma height, from data layout packet
* c_w: Chroma width, from data layout packet

=== OGGUVS_FMT_YV12 ===
* Layout ID: 0x32315659
l_h = (disp_h + 1) & ~1
l_w = (disp_w + 1) & ~1
c_h = l_h / 2
c_w = l_w / 2
a_offset = 0
yr_offset = 0
ug_offset = l_h * l_w + c_h * c_w
vb_offset = l_h * l_w
a_y_stride = 0
yr_y_stride = l_w
ug_y_stride = c_w
vb_y_stride = c_w
a_x_stride = 0
yr_x_stride = 1
ug_x_stride = 1
vb_x_stride = 1

=== OGGUVS_FMT_IYUV ===
TODO

=== OGGUVS_FMT_YUY2 ===
* Layout ID: 0x32595559
l_h = disp_h
l_w = (disp_w + 1) & ~1
c_h = l_h
c_w = l_w / 2
a_offset = 0
yr_offset = 0
ug_offset = 1
vb_offset = 3
a_y_stride = 0
yr_y_stride = l_w * 2
ug_y_stride = l_w * 2
vb_y_stride = l_w * 2
a_x_stride = 0
yr_x_stride = 2
ug_x_stride = 4
vb_x_stride = 4

=== OGGUVS_FMT_UYVY ===
TODO

=== OGGUVS_FMT_YVYU ===
TODO

=== OGGUVS_FMT_RGB24DIB ===
* Layout ID: 0x80808081
l_h = disp_h
l_w = disp_w
c_h = disp_h
c_w = disp_w
a_offset = 0
yr_offset = 2 + (disp_h-1) * -yr_y_stride
ug_offset = 1 + (disp_h-1) * -yr_y_stride
vb_offset = 0 + (disp_h-1) * -yr_y_stride
a_y_stride = 0
yr_y_stride = -1 * (((disp_w*3)+3) & ~1)
ug_y_stride = -1 * (((disp_w*3)+3) & ~1)
vb_y_stride = -1 * (((disp_w*3)+3) & ~1)
a_x_stride = 0
yr_x_stride = 3
ug_x_stride = 3
vb_x_stride = 3

=== OGGUVS_FMT_RGB32DIB ===
TODO

=== OGGUVS_FMT_ARGBDIB ===
TODO

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Work In Progress

2006-03-12T18:55:48Z

Punchcard:

* '''Compressed Codecs:'''
** [[OggMNG]]: A mapping for encapsulating the MNG animation format in Ogg
* '''[[RawCodecs|Uncompressed Codecs]]:'''
** Audio:
*** [[OggPCM]]: New Uncompressed PCM audio, currently being implemented (formerly draft2)
*** [[OggPCM_Draft1]]: Original uncompressed PCM audio proposal
*** [[OggPCM_Draft3|Humorous PCM format]]: Uncompressed PCM audio - and a lot more!
** Video:
*** [[OggUVS]]: Uncompressed RGB and YUV video, under active development (preferred to OggRGB and OggYUV).
*** [[OggRGB]]: Original uncompressed RGB video proposal
*** [[OggYUV]]: Original uncompressed YUV video proposal
** Images:
*** [[OggSpots]]: A mapping for encapsulating timed images in Ogg
** Text & Hyperlinking:
*** [[OggWrit]]: Text phrase codec (e.g. subtitles)
* '''Metadata Codecs:'''
** [[Metadata]]: Arbitrary metadata stream format (vapourware so far)
* '''Software for distributing media'''
** [[IceShare]]: P2P content distribution

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2006-03-12T13:15:59Z

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OggYUV

2006-03-12T08:16:34Z

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OggUVS

2006-03-12T08:16:16Z

Punchcard:

Work In Progress

2006-03-12T08:12:44Z

Punchcard:

OggYUV

2006-03-12T03:43:46Z

Punchcard:

OggUVS

2006-03-12T03:43:33Z

Punchcard:

Work In Progress

2006-03-12T03:42:58Z

Punchcard:

CMML

2006-03-10T13:01:38Z

Punchcard:

'''CMML''' stands for Continuous Media Markup Language and is to audio or video what HTML is to text. CMML is essentially a timed text codec. It allows to structure a time-continuously sampled data file by dividing it into temporal sections (so-called clips) and provides these clips with some additional information. This information is HTML-like and is essentially a textual representation of the audio or video file. CMML enables textual searches on these otherwise binary files.

CMML is appropriate for use with all Ogg media formats, to provide subtitles and timed metadata. This description gives a quick introduction only and explains how to map CMML into Ogg. For full specifications, see [http://www.annodex.net/specifications.html http://www.annodex.net/specifications.html].

== CMML specification ==

Before describing the actual data that goes into a logical Ogg bitstream, we need to understand what the stand-alone "codec" packets contains.

CMML basically consists of:

* a head tag which contains information for the complete audio/video file
* a set of clip tags which each contains information on a temporal section of the file
* for authoring purposes, CMML also allows a stream tag which spcifies the file it describes

An example CMML file looks like this:

<pre>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<!DOCTYPE cmml SYSTEM "cmml.dtd">

<cmml lang="en" id="simple" granulerate="1000/1">

<stream id="fish" basetime="0">
<import id="videosrc" lang="en" title="Video fish"
granulerate="25/1" contenttype="video/theora"
src="fish.ogg" start="0" end="360">
<param id="vheight" name="video.height" value="250"/>
<param id="vwidth" name="video.width" value="180"/>
</import>
</stream>

<head>
<title>Types of fish</title>
<meta name="Producer" content="Joe Ordinary"/>
<meta name="DC.Author" content="Joe's friend"/>
</head>

<clip id="intro" start="0">
<a href="http://www.example.com/fish.html">Read more about fish</a>
<desc>This is the introduction to the film Joe made about fish.</desc>
</clip>

<clip id="dolphin" start="npt:3.5" end="npt:5:5.9">
<img src="dolphin.jpg"/>
<desc>Here, Joe caught sight of a dolphin in the ocean.</desc>
<meta name="Subject" content="dolphin"/>
</clip>

<clip id="goldfish" start="npt:5:5.9">
<a href="http://www.example.com/morefish.anx?id=goldfish">More video clips on goldfish.</a>
<img src="http://www.example.com/goldfish.jpg"/>
<desc>Joe has a fishtank at home with many colourful fish. The common goldfish is one of them and Joe's favourite.
Here are some fabulous pictures he has taken of them.</desc>
<meta name="Location" content="Joe's fishtank"/>
<meta name="Subject" content="goldfish"/>
</clip>

</cmml>
</pre>

The head element is a standard head element from html.

Clips contain (amongst others) the following information:

* a name in the id attribute so addressing of the clips is possible, as in http://www.example.com/morefish.anx?id=goldfish (Web server needs to [http://annodex.net/software/mod_annodex/ support] this)
* a start and possibly an end attribute, to tell the clip where it is temporally located
* a title attribute to give it a short description
* meta elements to provide it with structed meta data as name-value pairs
* a img element which links to a picture that represents the content of the clip visually
* a a element which puts a hyperlink to another Web resource into the clip
* a desc element giving a long, free-text description/annotation/transcription for the clip

Most of this information is optional.

== CMML mapping into Ogg ==

When CMML is mapped into an Ogg logical bitstream it needs to be serialised first. XML is a hierarchical file format, so is not generally serialisable. However, CMML has been designed to be serialised easily.

CMML is serialised by having some initial header packets that set up the CMML decoding environment, and contain header type information. The content packets of a CMML logical bitstream then consists of clip tags only. The stream tag is not copied into the CMML bitstream as it controls the authoring only.

All of the CMML bitstream information is text. As it gets encoded into a binary bitstream, an encoding format has to be specified. To simplify things, UTF-8 is defined as the mandatory encoding format for all data in a CMML binary bitstream. Also, the encoding process MUST ensure that newline characters are represented as LF (or "\n" in C) only and replace any new line representations that come as CR LF combinations (or "\r\n" in C) with LF only.

The media mapping for CMML into Ogg is as follows:
* The bos page contains a CMML ident packet.
* The first secondary header packet of CMML contains the xml preamble.
* The second secondary header packet contains the CMML "head" tag.
* The content or data packets for CMML contain the CMML "clip" tags each encoded in their own packet and inserted at the accurate time.
* The eos page contains a packet with an empty clip tag.

=== The CMML ident header packet ===

The CMML logical bitstream starts with an ident header which is encapsulated into the CMML bos page. The ident header contains all information required to identify the CMML bitstream and to set up a CMML decoder. It has the following format:

0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1| Byte
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Identifier 'CMML\0\0\0\0' | 0-3
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | 4-7
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Version major | Version minor | 8-11
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Granulerate numerator | 12-15
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | 16-19
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Granulerate denominator | 20-23
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | 24-27
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Granuleshift | 28
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| ...

The CMML version as described here is major=2 minor=1.

The granulerate represents the temporal resolution of the logical bitstream in Hz given as a rational number in the same way as the [[OggSkeleton]] fisbone secondary header specifies granulerate. It enables a mapping of granule position of the data pages to time by calculating "granulepos / granulerate".

The default granule rate for CMML is: 1/1000.

The granuleshift is a 1 Byte integer number describing whether to partition the granule_position into two for the CMML logical bitstream, and how many of the lower bits to use for the partitioning. The upper bits then still signify a time-continuous granule position for a directly decodable and presentable data granule. The lower bits allow for specification of the granule position of a previous CMML data packet (i.e. "clip" element), which helps to identify how much backwards seeking is necessary to get to the last and still active "clip" element (of the given track). The granuleshift is therefore the log of the maximum possible clip spacing.

The default granule shift used is 32, which halfs the granule position to allow for the backwards pointer.

=== The CMML secondary header packets ===

The CMML secondary headers are a sequence of two packets that contain the CMML and XML "setup" information:
* one packet with the CMML xml preamble and cmml tag.
* one packet with the CMML head tag.

These packets contain textual, not binary information.

The CMML preamble tags are all single-line tags, such as the xml processing instruction (<?xml...>) and the document type declaration (<!DOCTYPE...>).

The only CMML tag that is not already serialized from a CMML file is the cmml tag, as it encloses all the other content tags. To serialise it, the cmml start tag is transformed into a processing instruction, retaining all its attributes (<?cmml ...>), and the cmml end tag is deleted.

The first CMML secondary header packet has the following format:

0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1| Byte
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| <?xml ... | 0-
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| ... |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| <!DOCTYPE ... |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| ... |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| <?cmml ... |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

The second CMML secondary header packet contains the CMML head element with all its attributes and other containing elements and has the following format.

0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1| Byte
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| <head ... | 0-
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| ... |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| </head> |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

=== The CMML data packets ===

The data packets of the CMML bitstream contain the CMML clip elements. Their start and end attributes however only exist for authoring purposes and are not copied into the bitstream (to avoid contradictory information), but are rather represented through the time mapping of the encapsulation format that interleaves CMML data with data from other time-continuous bitstreams. Generally the time mapping is done through some timestamp representation and through the position in the stream.

A clip tag is encoded with all tags (except for the start and end attributes) as a string printed into a clip packet. The clip tag's start attribute tells the encapsulator at what time to insert the clip packet into the bitstream. If an end attribute is present, it leads to the creation of another clip packet, unless another clip packet starts on the same track beforehand. This clip packet contains an "empty" clip tag, i.e. a clip tag without meta, a, img or desc elements and no attribute values except for a copy of the track attribute from the original clip tag.

0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1| Byte
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| <clip ... | 0-
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| ... |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| </clip> |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

== Development ==

Ogg CMML is being supported by the following projects:
* the Ogg Directshow filters: see [http://www.illiminable.com/ogg/ illiminable]
* liboggz: [http://svn.annodex.net/liboggz/ liboggz svn] or [http://annodex.net/software/liboggz/ liboggz]
* libcmml: [http://svn.annodex.net/libcmml/ libcmml svn] or [http://annodex.net/software/libcmml/ libcmml]
* libannodex: [http://svn.annodex.net/libannodex/ libannodex svn] or [http://annodex.net/software/libannodex/ libannodex]
* the Annodex technology: [http://www.annodex.net/ annodex.net] including perl, python, php bindings, a firefox plugin, authoring software etc.

== External links ==

* CMML is described in more detail in the CMML v2.1 specification: [http://svn.annodex.net/standards/ I-D in svn] or [http://annodex.net/specifications.html I-D]

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CMML

2006-03-10T05:48:13Z

Punchcard:

CMML

2006-03-10T03:49:39Z

Punchcard:

CMML

2006-03-10T03:36:42Z

Punchcard:

CMML

2006-03-09T23:53:46Z

Punchcard:

CMML

2006-03-09T20:43:10Z

Punchcard: