MIME Types and File Extensions: Difference between revisions

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STATUS: final edits before turning proposal into an official Xiph recommendation and work on RFCs and tools will start to reflect these policies.
STATUS: [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5334.txt RFC 5334] encapsulates the below listed policies. More details are [http://wiki.xiph.org/index.php/MIMETypesCodecs here], which also include a specification of the codecs parameter of the MIME types. Use the correct file extensions straight away.


DISCLAIMER: currently, only application/ogg is a registered MIME type.  Registration for the others will need to be undertaken.


IMPLEMENTATION recommendations and patches: see [[MIME-Migration]].
IMPLEMENTATION recommendations and patches: see [[MIME-Migration]].


== .ogx - application/ogg ==
== .ogg - audio/ogg ==


* Ogg Multiplex Profile (anything in [[Ogg]])
* Ogg Vorbis I Profile
* can contain any logical bitstreams multiplexed together in an ogg container
* .ogg applies now for Vorbis I files only
* will replace the .ogg extension from RFC 3534 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3534.txt
* .ogg has more recently also been used for Ogg FLAC and for Theora, too — these uses are deprecated now in favor of .oga and .ogv respectively
* random multitrack files SHOULD contain a [[Skeleton]] track to identify all containing logical bitstreams
* has been defined in RFC 3534 for application/ogg, so rfc 3534 will be re-defined
* apps that identify a logical bitstream which they cannot decode SHOULD ignore it but MAY still decode the ones they can
* thus, e.g. an annodex file can gracefully degrade to .ogx if an app cannot decode [[CMML]] and/or [[Skeleton]]


== .oga - audio/ogg ==
RATIONALE: .ogg has traditionally been used for Vorbis I files, in particular in HW players, hence it is kept for backwards-compatibility
 
* Ogg Audio Profile (audio in Ogg container)
* apps supporting .oga, .ogv SHOULD support decoding from muxed Ogg streams
* covers Ogg [[FLAC]], [[Ghost]], and [[OggPCM]]
* Although they share the same MIME type, Vorbis and Speex use different file extensions.
* May contain Ogg Skeleton and/or [[CMML]] logical bitstreams.
 
RATIONALE: This distinguishes audio-only files, using any of the Xiph audio codecs, from Vorbis I files (traditionally .ogg) which may not contain more than one logical bitstream.


== .ogv - video/ogg ==
== .ogv - video/ogg ==
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* covers e.g. [[Theora]], Theora + Vorbis, Theora + Speex, Theora + FLAC, [[Dirac]] + Vorbis, [[OggMNG|MNG]] + FLAC, [[OggUVS]] inside Ogg
* covers e.g. [[Theora]], Theora + Vorbis, Theora + Speex, Theora + FLAC, [[Dirac]] + Vorbis, [[OggMNG|MNG]] + FLAC, [[OggUVS]] inside Ogg
* This list is not exhaustive (for example, [[Dirac]] + FLAC is acceptable too)
* This list is not exhaustive (for example, [[Dirac]] + FLAC is acceptable too)
* May contain Ogg Skeleton and/or CMML logical bitstreams.
* SHOULD contain a Skeleton track and/or MAY contain a CMML logical bitstream.
 
== .opus - audio/ogg ==
 
* Ogg Opus profile
* Defined by https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7845
 
== .oga - audio/ogg ==


== .ogg - audio/ogg ==
* Ogg Audio Profile (audio in Ogg container)
* Applications supporting .oga, .ogv SHOULD support decoding from muxed Ogg streams
* Covers Ogg [[FLAC]], [[Ghost]], and [[OggPCM]]
* Although they share the same MIME type, Vorbis, Opus and Speex use different file extensions.
* SHOULD contain a Skeleton logical bitstream.
* Vorbis and Speex may use .oga, but it is not the prefered method of distributing these files because of backwards-compatibility issues.


* Ogg Vorbis I Profile
== .ogx - application/ogg ==
* .ogg applies now for Vorbis I files only
* .ogg has more recently also been used for Ogg FLAC and for Theora, too — these uses are deprecated now in favor of .oga and .ogv respectively
* has been defined in RFC 3534 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3534.txt for application/ogg, so rfc 3534 will be re-defined


RATIONALE: .ogg has traditionally been used for Vorbis I files, in particular in HW players, hence it is kept for backwards-compatibility
* Ogg Multiplex Profile (anything in [[Ogg]])
* can contain any logical bitstreams multiplexed together in an ogg container
* will replace the .ogg extension from RFC 3534
* random multitrack files MUST contain a [[Skeleton]] track to identify all containing logical bitstreams
* apps that identify a logical bitstream which they cannot decode SHOULD ignore it but MAY still decode the ones they can
* thus, e.g. an annodex file can gracefully degrade to .ogx if an app cannot decode [[CMML]] and/or [[Skeleton]]
* USE: application/ogg has been registered, so can be used immediately


== .spx - audio/ogg ==
== .spx - audio/ogg ==
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* .spx has traditionally been used for Speex files within Ogg and should be considered for backwards-compatibility
* .spx has traditionally been used for Speex files within Ogg and should be considered for backwards-compatibility


== .flac - application/flac ==
== .flac - audio/flac ==


* FLAC in native encapsulation format
* FLAC in native encapsulation format
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== .anx - application/annodex ==
== .anx - application/annodex ==


* THIS FILE FORMAT IS DEPRECATED.
* Profile for multiplexed Ogg that includes a skeleton track and at least one CMML logical bitstream
* Profile for multiplexed Ogg that includes a skeleton track and at least one CMML logical bitstream
* apps that identify a logical bitstream which they cannot decode SHOULD ignore it but MAY still decode the ones they can
* apps that identify a logical bitstream which they cannot decode SHOULD ignore it but MAY still decode the ones they can
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== .axa - audio/annodex ==
== .axa - audio/annodex ==


* THIS FILE FORMAT IS DEPRECATED.
* Profile for audio in Annodex  
* Profile for audio in Annodex  
* covers e.g. [[Vorbis]], [[Speex]], [[FLAC]], [[Ghost]], [[OggPCM]] inside Ogg with Skeleton and CMML
* covers e.g. [[Vorbis]], [[Speex]], [[FLAC]], [[Opus]], [[Ghost]], [[OggPCM]] inside Ogg with Skeleton and CMML


== .axv - video/annodex ==
== .axv - video/annodex ==


* THIS FILE FORMAT IS DEPRECATED.
* Profile for video in Annodex  
* Profile for video in Annodex  
* covers e.g. [[Theora]], Theora + Vorbis, Theora + Speex, Theora + FLAC, [[Dirac]] + Vorbis, [[OggMNG|MNG]] + FLAC, [[OggUVS]] inside Ogg with Skeleton and CMML
* covers e.g. [[Theora]], Theora + Vorbis, Theora + Speex, Theora + FLAC, [[Dirac]] + Vorbis, [[OggMNG|MNG]] + FLAC, [[OggUVS]] inside Ogg with Skeleton and CMML
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* Profile for XSPF
* Profile for XSPF
* Covers [[XSPF]], while being used through XML
* Covers [[XSPF]], while being used through XML
* Currently, does not cover [[JSPF]], which is XSPF but on Json
* Does not cover [[JSPF]], which is XSPF but on JSON
 
== Ogg Kate files - application/kate ==
 
* Binary representation of Kate encapsulated in Ogg
* may have a skeleton
* can be used to identify the mime type of the track itself (e.g. in skeleton)
* uses .ogx extension when in a file by itself
* is subdued by the dominant mime type if in a audio or video file to become audio/ogg or video/ogg


== Codec MIME types ==
== Codec MIME types ==


Codecs need their own MIME types for streaming and to be used in multitrack ogg files using skeleton:
Codecs need their own MIME types for streaming in RTP and to be used in multitrack ogg files using skeleton:


* audio/vorbis for Vorbis without container
* audio/vorbis for Vorbis without container
* video/theora for Theora without container
* video/theora for Theora without container
* audio/speex for Speex without container
* audio/speex for Speex without container
* audio/flac for FLAC without container, but extra FLAC Ogg header (?)
* audio/flac for FLAC without and in native container
* audio/opus for Opus without container
* text/cmml for CMML without container
* text/cmml for CMML without container
* application/kate for the textual representation of Kate (.kate files)

Latest revision as of 21:09, 30 April 2016

STATUS: RFC 5334 encapsulates the below listed policies. More details are here, which also include a specification of the codecs parameter of the MIME types. Use the correct file extensions straight away.


IMPLEMENTATION recommendations and patches: see MIME-Migration.

.ogg - audio/ogg

  • Ogg Vorbis I Profile
  • .ogg applies now for Vorbis I files only
  • .ogg has more recently also been used for Ogg FLAC and for Theora, too — these uses are deprecated now in favor of .oga and .ogv respectively
  • has been defined in RFC 3534 for application/ogg, so rfc 3534 will be re-defined

RATIONALE: .ogg has traditionally been used for Vorbis I files, in particular in HW players, hence it is kept for backwards-compatibility

.ogv - video/ogg

  • Ogg Video Profile (a/v in Ogg container)
  • apps supporting .oga, .ogv SHOULD support decoding from muxed Ogg streams
  • covers e.g. Theora, Theora + Vorbis, Theora + Speex, Theora + FLAC, Dirac + Vorbis, MNG + FLAC, OggUVS inside Ogg
  • This list is not exhaustive (for example, Dirac + FLAC is acceptable too)
  • SHOULD contain a Skeleton track and/or MAY contain a CMML logical bitstream.

.opus - audio/ogg

.oga - audio/ogg

  • Ogg Audio Profile (audio in Ogg container)
  • Applications supporting .oga, .ogv SHOULD support decoding from muxed Ogg streams
  • Covers Ogg FLAC, Ghost, and OggPCM
  • Although they share the same MIME type, Vorbis, Opus and Speex use different file extensions.
  • SHOULD contain a Skeleton logical bitstream.
  • Vorbis and Speex may use .oga, but it is not the prefered method of distributing these files because of backwards-compatibility issues.

.ogx - application/ogg

  • Ogg Multiplex Profile (anything in Ogg)
  • can contain any logical bitstreams multiplexed together in an ogg container
  • will replace the .ogg extension from RFC 3534
  • random multitrack files MUST contain a Skeleton track to identify all containing logical bitstreams
  • apps that identify a logical bitstream which they cannot decode SHOULD ignore it but MAY still decode the ones they can
  • thus, e.g. an annodex file can gracefully degrade to .ogx if an app cannot decode CMML and/or Skeleton
  • USE: application/ogg has been registered, so can be used immediately

.spx - audio/ogg

  • Ogg Speex Profile
  • .spx has traditionally been used for Speex files within Ogg and should be considered for backwards-compatibility

.flac - audio/flac

  • FLAC in native encapsulation format

.anx - application/annodex

  • THIS FILE FORMAT IS DEPRECATED.
  • Profile for multiplexed Ogg that includes a skeleton track and at least one CMML logical bitstream
  • apps that identify a logical bitstream which they cannot decode SHOULD ignore it but MAY still decode the ones they can
  • apps that come across an annodex file and cannot decode CMML and/or Skeleton, but can deal with the others SHOULD gracefully degrade by ignoring these

.axa - audio/annodex

.axv - video/annodex

  • THIS FILE FORMAT IS DEPRECATED.
  • Profile for video in Annodex
  • covers e.g. Theora, Theora + Vorbis, Theora + Speex, Theora + FLAC, Dirac + Vorbis, MNG + FLAC, OggUVS inside Ogg with Skeleton and CMML

.xspf - application/xspf+xml

  • Profile for XSPF
  • Covers XSPF, while being used through XML
  • Does not cover JSPF, which is XSPF but on JSON

Ogg Kate files - application/kate

  • Binary representation of Kate encapsulated in Ogg
  • may have a skeleton
  • can be used to identify the mime type of the track itself (e.g. in skeleton)
  • uses .ogx extension when in a file by itself
  • is subdued by the dominant mime type if in a audio or video file to become audio/ogg or video/ogg

Codec MIME types

Codecs need their own MIME types for streaming in RTP and to be used in multitrack ogg files using skeleton:

  • audio/vorbis for Vorbis without container
  • video/theora for Theora without container
  • audio/speex for Speex without container
  • audio/flac for FLAC without and in native container
  • audio/opus for Opus without container
  • text/cmml for CMML without container
  • application/kate for the textual representation of Kate (.kate files)